There are lots of disk problems that will cause damage to the disk partition layout and disk data.
For instance, a hard disk drive may become unallocated, not initialized, RAW, and Offline suddenly.
I roughly divide the HDD shows as unknown error into five types of cases for your reference.

An unallocated disk indicates that all of your previous partitions are lost.
The hard disk might appear and show as Not Initialized in Disk Management.
Same as the unallocated situation, all the space of this disk is marked as unallocated.

Here are 3 free methods to initialize SSD in Windows 10/8/7.
An fault signal thataccess is deniedwill appear when you click to open it.
And you will find the disk shown as RAW when you check it in Disk Management afterward.
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As you’ve got the option to see, there is nofile systemon disk 1.
This kind of situation will happen when your file system of the HDD is corrupted due to certain reasons.
Case 4 HDD Is Offline
When an HDD is set offline, it wont show up in Windows Explorer.

This is basically brought on by pressing Offline by mistake.
Or when youre under the attack of malicious programs, it may set your HDD to be offline.
Case 5 HDD Is Bad
Sometimes, your hard drive may become a bad disk suddenly.

This file recovery software fits all Windows systems.
you’re able to run it without worrying about secondary damage to your data.
Step 2: Connect your rig to the computer and launch the software.

you’re able to find the partition where you better recover data from under theLogical Drivestab.
Select it and hit theScanbutton to start scanning.
Step 3: Wait for the scan process to complete.

you’re free to browse the displayed files during the scanning process.
But it is not advised to suspend or interrupt the scan process for the best data recovery result.
Generally, there will be three folders,Deleted Files,Lost Files, andExisting Files.

you could expand different folders to find the wanted files.
Step 4: go for the files you need and press theSavebutton.
Data loss from external hard drive?
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MiniTool provides an effective solution and detailed steps for external hard drive recovery.
Step 1: PressWin + Xand selectDisk Managementfrom the WinX menu.
Step 2: Find and right-hit the uninitialized disk.

Step 3: SelectInitialize Diskfrom the context menu.
Step 4: Choose the required partition style (MBRorGPT), then clickOKto confirm.
Then, it’s possible for you to create new partitions to use the disk normally.

To obtain a full guide tofix disk unknown not initialized, go to the corresponding post.
you’ve got the option to format theRAW driveto fix this problem.
Step 1: PressWin + Sand typeDisk Managementinto the search box.

Step 2: Choose the best-matched result and hitEnterto open it.
Step 3: snag the RAW disk and right-hit it.
Step 4: ChooseFormatfrom the context menu.
Step 5: Set theVolume labelandFile systemaccording to your demands and checkPerform a quick format.
Step 6: Click onOKand wait for the formatting process to complete.
You have other methods to convert RAW to NTFS or other file systems.
Step 1: PressWin + Xand selectDisk Managementfrom the menu.
Step 2: Select and right-punch the disk, then chooseOnlinefrom the context menu.
If your disk turns Offline because of other reasons, you could readthis postto fix it.
Verdict
Disk might get errors due to various reasons.
if you stumble on any problem when using MiniTool software, hey contact[email protected].